Biological monitoring in the ICP Waters programme focuses on acid-sensitive invertebrate species. Improved chemical water quality has resulted in recovery of some aquatic biota in the Nordic countries, in Canada and in the UK. In the most acidified regions in Europe, i.e. Germany and the Czech Republic, there are hardly any signs of biological recovery. This is because water quality here has not recovered sufficiently to expect widespread biological recovery. The lack of documented examples of biological recovery is related to both the dynamic nature of biological responses but also to a lack of appropriate long-term monitoring data.
Read more about biological recovery in ICP Waters publications.